Back سلوك محابي للمجتمع Arabic Prosociální chování Czech Prosoziales Verhalten German Comportamiento prosocial Spanish Comportement prosocial French התנהגות פרו חברתית HE Perilaku prososial ID Comportament prosocial Romanian Просоциальное поведение Russian Просоцијално понашање Serbian

Prosocial behavior

Prosocial behavior, or intent to benefit others,[1] is a social behavior that "benefit[s] other people or society as a whole",[2] "such as helping, sharing, donating, co-operating, and volunteering".[3] Obeying the rules and conforming to socially accepted behaviors (such as stopping at a "Stop" sign or paying for groceries) are also regarded as prosocial behaviors.[4] These actions may be motivated by empathy and by concern about the welfare and rights of others,[5] as well as for egoistic or practical concerns, such as one's social status or reputation, hope for direct or indirect reciprocity, or adherence to one's perceived system of fairness.[1] It may also be motivated by altruism, though the existence of pure altruism is somewhat disputed, and some have argued that this falls into philosophical rather than psychological realm of debate.[6] Evidence suggests that pro sociality is central to the well-being of social groups across a range of scales, including schools. Prosocial behavior in the classroom can have a significant impact on a student's motivation for learning and contributions to the classroom and larger community.[7][8] In the workplace, prosocial behaviour can have a significant impact on team psychological safety, as well as positive indirect effects on employee's helping behaviors and task performance.[9] Empathy is a strong motive in eliciting prosocial behavior, and has deep evolutionary roots.[10][11]

Prosocial behavior fosters positive traits that are beneficial for children and society. It helps many beneficial functions by bettering production of any league and its organizational scale.[12] Evolutionary psychologists use theories such as kin-selection theory and inclusive fitness as an explanation for why prosocial behavioral tendencies are passed down generationally, according to the evolutionary fitness displayed by those who engaged in prosocial acts.[13] Encouraging prosocial behavior may also require decreasing or eliminating undesirable social behaviors.[8]

Although the term "prosocial behavior" is often associated with developing desirable traits in children,[14][15] the literature on the topic has grown since the late 1980s to include adult behaviors as well.[16] The term "prosocial" has grown into a world-wide movement,[17][18] using evolutionary science[19] to create real-world pro-social changes from working groups[20] to our whole culture.[21]

  1. ^ a b Eisenberg, Nancy; Fabes, Richard A; Spinrad, Tracy L (2007). "Prosocial Development". Handbook of Child Psychology. doi:10.1002/9780470147658.chpsy0311. ISBN 978-0-470-14765-8.
  2. ^ Prosocial behavior, PsychWiki.com Archived 2011-08-11 at the Wayback Machine, Aug. 4, 2011
  3. ^ Arthur P. Brief & Stephan J. Motowidlo (1986). "Prosocial organizational behaviors". The Academy of Management Review. 11 (4): 710–725. doi:10.2307/258391. JSTOR 258391.
  4. ^ Baumeister & Bushman (2007). Social Psychology and Human Nature. Cengage Learning. p. 254. ISBN 9780495116332.
  5. ^ Santrock, John W. A Topical Approach to Life Span Development 4th Ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2007. Ch. 15, pp. 489–491
  6. ^ Sloan Wilson, David (2015). Does Altruism Exist?: Culture, Genes, and the Welfare of Others. Yale University Press. ISBN 9780300189490.
  7. ^ Helliwell, J. F.; Putnam, R. D. (2004). "The social context of well-being". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 359 (1449): 1435–1446. doi:10.1098/rstb.2004.1522. PMC 1693420. PMID 15347534.
  8. ^ a b Straubhaar, Joseph D., Robert LaRose, and Lucinda Davenport. Media Now: Understanding Media, Culture, and Technology. Boston, MA: Wadsworth, 2009. pp. 427–28 ISBN 1-4390-8257-X.
  9. ^ Frazier, M. L.; Tupper, C. (2018). "Supervisor Prosocial Motivation, Employee Thriving, and Helping Behavior: A Trickle-Down Model of Psychological Safety". Group & Organization Management. 43 (4): 561–593. doi:10.1177/1059601116653911.
  10. ^ Silk, J & House, B (2011). "Evolutionary foundations of human prosocial sentiments". PNAS. 108 (Suppl 2): 10910–7. Bibcode:2011PNAS..10810910S. doi:10.1073/pnas.1100305108. PMC 3131813. PMID 21690372.
  11. ^ Decety, J (2011). "The neuroevolution of empathy". Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. 1231 (1): 35–45. Bibcode:2011NYASA1231...35D. doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2011.06027.x. PMID 21651564. S2CID 9895828.
  12. ^ "Lacking Staus Hinders Prosocial Behavior Among the Powerful".[permanent dead link]
  13. ^ Barrett, Louise (2002). Human Evolutionary Psychology. Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0-691-09622-3.
  14. ^ Eisenberg, Nancy; Paul Henry Mussen (1989-08-25). The Roots of Prosocial Behavior in Children. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-33771-7.[page needed]
  15. ^ "Prosocial Behavior Page, US Dept. of Health and Human Services, Administration for Children and Families-US Dept. of Health and Human Services, Administration for Children and Families". Archived from the original on 2011-10-07.
  16. ^ Prosocial Behavior. Excerpt from "More about Generosity: An Addendum to the Generosity, Social Psychology and Philanthropy Literature Reviews" Archived 2011-10-06 at the Wayback Machine, University of Notre Dame, July 7, 2009
  17. ^ "Landing". www.prosocial.world. Retrieved 2020-08-08.
  18. ^ "Prosocial.World". www.facebook.com. Retrieved 2020-08-08.
  19. ^ Biglan, Anthony. The nurture effect : how the science of human behavior can improve our lives and our world. Oakland, CA. ISBN 978-1-60882-956-9. OCLC 903690030.
  20. ^ Atkins, Paul W. B. (2019). Prosocial : using evolutionary science to build productive, equitable, and collaborative groups. Wilson, David Sloan, Hayes, Steven C. Oakland, CA. ISBN 978-1-68403-024-8. OCLC 1080428681.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  21. ^ Biglan, Anthony (2020). Rebooting Capitalism: How We Can Forge a Society That Works for Everyone. Eugene, OR, US: Values to Action. ISBN 978-0578690902.

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